Coupang Announces Results for Fourth Quarter 2022

Total net revenues of $5.3 billion, up 21% year over year on an FX-neutral basis

Net income of $102 million, representing record profit

Adjusted EBITDA of $211 million and a margin of 4.0%

SEATTLE & SEOUL, South Korea–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Coupang, Inc. (NYSE: CPNG) today announced financial results for its fourth quarter ended December 31, 2022.

Q4 2022 Key Financial and Operational Highlights

Total net revenues was $5.3 billion, up 5% YoY on a reported basis, or 21% YoY on an FX-neutral basis.
Total gross profit increased 59% YoY to $1.3 billion, with gross profit margin of 24.0%, an improvement of over 810 bps YoY.
Net income was $102 million, an improvement of $507 million over last year. Adjusted EBITDA was $211 million, an improvement of $496 million over last year.
Product Commerce net revenues was $5.2 billion, up 5% YoY on a reported basis, or 21% on an FX-neutral basis.
Product Commerce segment adjusted EBITDA margin reached a record 5.1%, further demonstrating the long-term profit potential of our core offerings.
Developing Offerings recorded an adjusted EBITDA loss of $55 million, an improvement of $105 million over last year.
Cash flow from operations was $580 million for the quarter. The TTM cash flow from operations was $565 million, an improvement of $976 million YoY.
Free cash flow was $462 million for the quarter. The TTM FCF was $(246) million, an improvement of $837 million YoY.

FY2022 Key Financial and Operational Highlights

Total net revenues was $20.6 billion, increasing 12% YoY on a reported basis, or 26% YoY on an FX-neutral basis.
Total gross profit improved 60% YoY to $4.7 billion, with gross profit margin of 22.9%, an expansion of over 680 bps YoY.
Net loss was $92 million, an improvement of $1.5 billion over 2021. Adjusted EBITDA was positive $381 million, representing a $1.1 billion improvement over last year.
Product Commerce net revenues reached $20.0 billion, growing 12% YoY on a reported basis, or 26% on an FX-neutral basis.
Product Commerce segment adjusted EBITDA margin was 3.0%, an expansion of over 500 bps YoY.
Cash flow from operations was $565 million, an improvement of $976 million YoY.
Free cash flow was $(246) million, an improvement of $837 million YoY.
WOW membership program had 11 million paid members at the end of 2022, an increase of over 20% YoY.

�The results this quarter and the continued progress you see are a reflection of years of investment and innovation by our teams to attack the biggest trade-offs for customers, said Bom Kim, Founder and CEO of Coupang. And there are a lot of reasons to be optimistic about the future. The overwhelming majority of the retail market is still offline with high prices and limited selection. We have an opportunity to provide customers with a better alternative: one with wider selection, lower prices, and exceptional service, which in turn should lead us to significant growth in the overall retail market for years to come. Additionally, our investments in new moments of wow in nascent initiatives like food delivery, video streaming, fintech and international have the potential to unlock outsized value for customers and shareholders in promising new areas of growth.

2022 was a year of many milestones, added Coupangs CFO, Gaurav Anand. We hit positive adjusted EBITDA for Product Commerce in Q1, achieved positive adjusted EBITDA for the consolidated business in Q2, delivered positive net income for the consolidated business in Q3, and delivered record gross profit, adjusted EBITDA, and net income in Q4. In light of the progress we have demonstrated over the past year, we are now updating our long-term adjusted EBITDA guidance to 10% or higher. As we look forward to 2023, we expect to see margin expansion, though it may not be meaningful or consistent each quarter, and our strong foundation and momentum give us confidence in our ability to drive further penetration in the vast retail market while delivering new moments of wow for our customers.

Fourth Quarter 2022 Results
*Consolidated Financial Summary*
	Three Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except net revenues per Active Customer)	2022		2021			% Change
Total net revenues	$	5,326,774	$	5,076,693		5	%
Total net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾						21	%
Active Customers		18,115		17,936		1	%
Total net revenues per Active Customer	$	294	$	283		4	%
Gross profit	$	1,278,786	$	805,601		59	%
Net income (loss)	$	102,064	$	(404,979	)	NM	⁽³⁾
Adjusted EBITDA⁽¹⁾	$	210,993	$	(285,089	)	NM	⁽³⁾

*Segment Information*
	Three Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2022			2021			% Change
Product Commerce
Net revenues	$	5,193,836		$	4,925,816		5	%
Net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾							21	%
Segment adjusted EBITDA	$	265,899		$	(125,499	)	NM	⁽³⁾
Developing Offerings
Net revenues	$	132,938		$	150,877		(12	) %
Net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾							2	%
Segment adjusted EBITDA	$	(54,906	)	$	(159,590	)	(66	) %

Full Year 2022 Results
*Consolidated Financial Summary*
	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2022			2021			% Change
Total net revenues	$	20,582,615		$	18,406,372		12	%
Total net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾							26	%
Gross profit⁽²⁾	$	4,709,873		$	2,951,128		60	%
Net loss⁽⁴⁾	$	(92,042	)	$	(1,542,590	)	(94	) %
Adjusted EBITDA⁽¹⁾	$	381,212		$	(747,636	)	NM	⁽³⁾

*Segment Information*
	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2022			2021			% Change
Product Commerce
Net revenues	$	19,954,594		$	17,837,717		12	%
Net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾							26	%
Segment adjusted EBITDA	$	605,838		$	(360,896	)	NM	⁽³⁾
Developing Offerings
Net revenues	$	628,021		$	568,655		10	%
Net revenues growth, constant currency⁽¹⁾							25	%
Segment adjusted EBITDA	$	(224,626	)	$	(386,740	)	(42	) %

(1)		Total net revenues growth, constant currency and adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. See Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Measures below for the reconciliation of the Non-GAAP measures with their comparable amounts prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).
(2)		Gross profit is calculated as total net revenues minus cost of sales, and for the year ended December 31, 2021 includes $158 million related to inventory losses from the FC Fire.
(3)		Non-meaningful.
(4)		Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2021 includes $296 million in losses recognized during the second quarter of 2021 related to the FC Fire.

FC Fire: While the Company is insured on property losses from the FC Fire that occurred in 2021, investigations surrounding the fire continue. In December 2022, the Company received a refundable insurance cash advance payment of $79 million, which is included within other current liabilities and reflected as an inflow for operating cash flows. The Company has not recognized any insurance benefit in our consolidated statements of operations to date. Whether and to what extent the advance will become non-refundable or additional proceeds will be received is currently unknown.

Webcast and Conference Call

Coupang, Inc. will host a conference call to discuss fourth quarter results on February 28, 2023 at 5:30 PM Eastern Standard Time (March 1, 2023 at 7:30 AM Korea Standard Time). A live webcast of the conference call will be available on our Investor Relations website, ir.aboutcoupang.com, and a replay of the conference call will be available for at least three months. This press release, including the reconciliations of certain non-GAAP measures to their nearest comparable U.S. GAAP measures, is also available on that site.

About Coupang

Coupang is one of the largest e-commerce companies in Asia, with a mission to revolutionize the everyday lives of its customers and create a world where people wonder, How did we ever live without Coupang? Coupang offers a variety of services, including same-day and next-morning delivery of groceries and general merchandise, delivery of prepared foods through Coupang Eats, and video streaming through Coupang Play. Coupang is headquartered in the United States, with operations and support services performed in markets including South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, and China.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This earnings release or related management commentary may contain statements that may be deemed to be “forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Act), that are intended to enjoy the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided by the Act as well as protections afforded by other federal securities laws.

We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this report on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our industry, business, financial condition, and results of operations. Actual results and outcomes could differ materially for a variety of reasons, including, among others: the continued growth of the retail market and the increased acceptance of online transactions by potential customers, competition in our industry, managing our growth and expansion into new markets and offerings, our financial performance, our ability to retain existing suppliers and to add new suppliers, our market position, our operation and management of our fulfillment and delivery infrastructure, other legal and regulatory developments, and the impact of the global economy including inflation and foreign currency exchange rates. For additional information on other potential risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from the results predicted, please see our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent filings. All forward-looking statements in this earnings release or related management commentary are based on information available to Coupang and assumptions and beliefs as of the date hereof, and we disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements.

Investors and others should note that we may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our investor relations website (ir.aboutcoupang.com), our filings with the SEC, webcasts, press releases, and conference calls. We use these mediums, including our website, to communicate with investors and the general public about our company, our products, and other issues. It is possible that the information that we make available on our website may be deemed to be material information. We therefore encourage investors and others interested in our company to review the information that we make available on our website.

COUPANG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited)
	Three Months Ended December 31,						Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net retail sales	$	4,760,512		$	4,549,290		$	18,338,177		$	16,487,975
Net other revenue		566,262			527,403			2,244,438			1,918,397
Total net revenues		5,326,774			5,076,693			20,582,615			18,406,372

Cost of sales		4,047,988			4,271,092			15,872,742			15,455,244
Operating, general and administrative		1,195,377			1,202,199			4,821,892			4,445,090
Total operating cost and expenses		5,243,365			5,473,291			20,694,634			19,900,334

Operating income (loss)		83,409			(396,598	)		(112,019	)		(1,493,962	)

Interest income		26,497			3,195			52,798			8,645
Interest expense		(7,173	)		(7,311	)		(27,169	)		(45,358	)
Other expense, net		(9,200	)		(3,434	)		(6,715	)		(10,913	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		93,533			(404,148	)		(93,105	)		(1,541,588	)

Income tax (benefit) expense		(8,531	)		831			(1,063	)		1,002

Net income (loss) attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders	$	102,064		$	(404,979	)	$	(92,042	)	$	(1,542,590	)

Net income (loss) attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders per share, basic and diluted	$	0.06		$	(0.23	)	$	(0.05	)	$	(1.08	)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders:
Basic		1,770,929			1,752,238			1,764,598			1,423,887
Diluted		1,793,494			1,752,238			1,764,598			1,423,887

COUPANG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except shares)	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,509,334		$	3,487,708
Restricted cash		176,316			319,800
Accounts receivable, net		184,463			175,350
Inventories		1,656,851			1,421,501
Prepaids and other current assets		303,166			232,447
Total current assets		5,830,130			5,636,806

Long-term restricted cash		1,624			2,839
Property and equipment, net		1,819,945			1,347,531
Operating lease right-of-use assets		1,405,248			1,374,629
Long-term lease deposits and other		455,956			280,029
Total assets	$	9,512,903		$	8,641,834
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Accounts payable	$	3,622,332		$	3,442,720
Accrued expenses		298,869			304,293
Deferred revenue		92,361			93,972
Short-term borrowings		175,403			7,811
Current portion of long-term debt		128,936			341,717
Current portion of long-term operating lease obligations		325,924			287,066
Other current liabilities		418,681			266,709
Total current liabilities		5,062,506			4,744,288

Long-term debt		537,880			283,190
Long-term operating lease obligations		1,233,680			1,201,277
Defined severance benefits and other		264,924			237,122
Total liabilities		7,098,990			6,465,877

Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000,000,000 shares authorized, 1,597,804,374 and 1,579,399,667 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively; Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized, 174,802,990 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021		177			175
Additional paid-in capital		8,154,076			7,874,038
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		2,219			(47,739	)
Accumulated deficit		(5,742,559	)		(5,650,517	)
Total stockholders’ equity		2,413,913			2,175,957
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	9,512,903		$	8,641,834

COUPANG, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited)
(in thousands)	2022			2021
Operating activities
Net loss	$	(92,042	)	$	(1,542,590	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		230,965			201,480
Provision for severance benefits		161,224			128,214
Equity-based compensation		262,266			249,345
Paid-in-kind interest and accretion of discount on convertible notes					20,148
Inventory and fixed asset losses due to fulfillment center fire					284,825
Non-cash operating lease expense		309,670			258,965
Non-cash others		111,768			57,978
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net		(33,827	)		(120,206	)
Inventories		(367,034	)		(527,959	)
Other assets		(289,375	)		(178,383	)
Accounts payable		444,402			728,488
Accrued expenses		7,201			206,597
Other liabilities		(179,779	)		(177,480	)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		565,439			(410,578	)
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment		(824,262	)		(673,663	)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		13,182			1,864
Other investing activities		(37,174	)		(3,726	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(848,254	)		(675,525	)
Financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts					3,431,277
Deferred offering costs paid					(11,618	)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock/units, equity-based compensation plan		17,774			62,281
Proceeds from short-term borrowings		177,249			24,722
Proceeds from long-term debt, net of issuance costs		523,529			408,932
Repayment of short-term borrowings		(21,053	)		(166,023	)
Repayment of long-term debt		(446,376	)		(169,575	)
Net short-term borrowings and other financing activities		(3,771	)		(3,146	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		247,352			3,576,850
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(87,610	)		(81,702	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(123,073	)		2,409,045
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, as of beginning of period		3,810,347			1,401,302
Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, as of end of period	$	3,687,274		$	3,810,347

Supplemental Financial Information
Purchases of property and equipment
(in thousands)	2022			2021
Purchases of land and buildings	$	(226,587	)	$	(215,062	)
Purchases of equipment		(597,675	)		(458,601	)
Total purchases of property and equipment	$	(824,262	)	$	(673,663	)

Key Business Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We review the key business and financial metrics discussed below. We use these measures to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans, and make strategic decisions.

Key Business Metrics

Active Customers

As of the last date of each reported period, we determine our number of Active Customers by counting the total number of individual customers who have ordered at least once directly from our apps or websites during the relevant period. A customer is anyone who has created an account on our apps or websites, identified by a unique email address. The change in Active Customers in a reported period captures both the inflow of new customers as well as the outflow of existing customers who have not made a purchase in the period. We view the number of Active Customers as a key indicator of our potential for growth in total net revenues, the reach of our network, the awareness of our brand, and the engagement of our customers.

Total Net Revenues per Active Customer

Total net revenues per Active Customer is the total net revenues generated in a period divided by the total number of Active Customers in that period. A key driver of growth is increasing the frequency and the level of spend of Active Customers who are shopping on our apps or websites. We therefore view total net revenues per Active Customer as a key indicator of engagement and retention of our customers and our success in increasing the share of wallet.

	Three Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except net revenues per Active Customer)	2022		2021		% Change
Active Customers		18,115		17,936	1	%
Total net revenues per Active Customer	$	294	$	283	4	%
Total net revenues per Active Customer, constant currency (YoY)	$	338			19	%
Total net revenues per Active Customer, constant currency (QoQ)	$	298			5	%

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report our financial results in accordance with U.S. GAAP. However, management believes that certain non-GAAP financial measures provide investors with additional useful information in evaluating our performance. These non-GAAP financial measures may be different than similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Non-GAAP measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These measures should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding U.S. GAAP measures. For further information regarding these non-GAAP measures, including the limitations thereof and reconciliations of each non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, please refer to the financial tables in the Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures section of this report.

Non-GAAP Measure	Definition	How We Use The Measure
Adjusted EBITDA	Net income (loss), excluding the effects of: depreciation and amortization, interest expense, interest income, other income (expense), net, income tax expense (benefit), equity-based compensation, impairments, and other items not reflective of our ongoing operations.	Provides information to management to evaluate and assess our performance and allocate internal resources. We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are frequently used by investors and other interested parties in evaluating companies in the e-commerce industry for period-to-period comparisons as they remove the impact of certain items that are not representative of our ongoing business, such as material non-cash items and certain variable charges.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin	Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total net revenues.
Constant Currency Revenue	Constant currency information compares results between periods as if exchange rates had remained constant. We define constant currency revenue as total revenue excluding the effect of foreign exchange rate movements, and use it to determine the constant currency revenue growth on a comparative basis. Constant currency revenue is calculated by translating current period revenues using the prior period exchange rate.	The effect of currency exchange rates on our business is an important factor in understanding period-to-period comparisons. Our financial reporting currency is the U.S. dollar (USD) and changes in foreign exchange rates can significantly affect our reported results and consolidated trends. For example, our business generates sales predominantly in Korean Won (KRW), which are favorably affected as the USD weakens relative to the KRW, and unfavorably affected as the USD strengthens relative to the KRW.
Constant Currency Revenue Growth	Constant currency revenue growth (as a percentage) is calculated by determining the increase in current period revenue over prior period revenue, where current period foreign currency revenue is translated using prior period exchange rates.	We use constant currency revenue and constant currency revenue growth for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate comparisons between periods. We believe the presentation of our results on a constant currency basis in addition to U.S. GAAP results helps improve the ability to understand our performance because they exclude the effects of foreign currency volatility that are not indicative of our actual results of operations.
Free Cash Flow	Cash flow from operations Less: purchases of property and equipment, Plus: proceeds from sale of property and equipment.	Provides information to management and investors about the amount of cash generated from our ongoing operations that, after purchases and sales of property and equipment, can be used for strategic initiatives, including investing in our business and strengthening our balance sheet, including paying down debt, and paying dividends to stockholders.
Segment Gross Profit	Gross profit for a period attributable to each respective reportable segment.	We believe segment gross profit and segment gross profit margin are frequently used by investors and other interested parties in evaluating companies in the e-commerce industry for period-to-period comparisons. However, other companies may calculate segment gross profit and segment gross profit margin in a manner different from ours and therefore they may not be directly comparable to similar terms used by other companies.
Segment Gross Profit Margin	Segment gross profit as a percentage of segment net revenues.